ESD simulator IEC61000-4-2 Ed.2 Test Standard
Shinyei Corporation of America is the sole authorized distributor of NoiseKen products. We offer the most direct sales of NoiseKen products available in the US.
General
The international immunity test standard which applies to electronic equipment against ESD generated directly from a human body or near metal objects in condition chemical fibers carpets or clothings are used in low humidity relatively.
This standard assumes cases an charged human body discharges to electronic equipment and testing with the circuit to simulate current waveform generated in such conditions.
Test Level
TEST LEVEL RANGE FOR THE ESD
The levels as below.
| Level | Test voltage (contact discharge) | Test voltage (air discharge) |
| 1 | 2kV | 2kV |
| 2 | 4kV | 4kV |
| 3 | 6kV | 8kV |
| 4 | 8kV | 15kV |
| X | Special | Special |
* X can be any level determined by consent between the EUT manuracturer and the simulator supplier
Test Generator and Waveform Verification
GENERATOR SPECIFICATION
The generator must satisfy following specification.
Discharge current waveform and its characteristics
| Energy accumulation capacity | 150pF (typical) |
| Discharge resistance | 330Ω (typical) |
| Output voltage | 8kV / Contact discharge, 15kV / Air discharge |
| Tolerance of output voltage | ±5% |
| Polarity of output voltage | Positive and negative (Switching available) |
| Hold time | >= 5sec. |
| Discharge mode of operation | Single discharges (Discharge interval >=1 sec) |
| Waveform of discharge current | See right figure |
GENERATOR CHARACTERISTICS
The characteristics in following table must be verified in order to compare the tests results even among different generators.
Discharge current waveform and its characteristics
| Level | Indicated voltage | 1st peak current of discharge (±15%) lp | Rise time (±25%) | Current (±30%) at 30ns | Current (±30%) at 60ns |
| 1 | 2kV | 7.5A | 0.8ns | 4A | 2A |
| 2 | 4kV | 15A | 0.8ns | 8A | 4A |
| 3 | 6kV | 22.5A | 0.8ns | 12A | 6A |
| 4 | 8kV | 30A | 0.8ns | 16A | 8A |
WAVEFORM VERIFICATION OF ESD GENERATOR
Measure the waveform with an oscilloscope whose band width is 2GHz or more upon use of Faraday cage and the current target. Attach the discharge electrode directly to the current target and operate the generator with the contact discharge mode.
* It is recommended that insertion of approx. 20dB attenuator for protecting the measurement equipment although it is not specified in IEC Standard.Test setup
EXAMPLE OF TEST SET-UP FOR TABLE-TOP EQUIPMENT
The direct discharge test is electrostatic direct discharge to EUT and examine the influence.Put a wooden table whose height is 0.8m on the ground plane and place horizontal coupling plate (HCP 1.6m × 0.8m).
Connect the HCP with resistor 470kΩ × 2 to the ground plane and lay a insulation sheet between the HCP and the EUT.
The indirect discharge test is electrostatic discharge to the HCP and vertical coupling plate (VCP 0.5m × 0.5m) and examine the influence of EUT. Connect the VCP with resistor 470kΩ × 2 to the ground plane as well.
* The isolation transformer for EUT is not specified in IEC Standard.EXAMPLE OF TEST SET-UP FOR FLOOR-STANDING EQUIPMENT
Put an insulation pallet whose height is 0.1m onto the ground plane and place EUT on the pallet for the direct discharge test.
The indirect discharge test is electrostatic discharge to the VCP and examine the influence of EUT.Connect the VCP with resistor 470kΩ × 2 to the ground plane as well.
* Float cables from the ground plane with 0.5mm thickness insulation sheet.
* Keep GND cable of the discharge gun ≧ 0.2m from any conductive parts other than the ground plane.
* The isolation transformer for EUT is not specified in IEC Standard.
GROUNDING METHOD IN JIS (JAPAN INDUSTRIAL STANDARD)
Since the grounding method in Japan is different from the other countries, it is specified in JIS (Not done in IEC61000-4-2)
2-line power supply
(for table-top EUT)
3-line power supply
(for table-top EUT)
2-line power supply with ground terminal (for table-top EUT)
Test Procedure
CLIMATIC AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
It is necessary to leave equipment which are brought in from different climatic conditions fully before performing the test.
Also, in order to stabilize the discharging condition certainly, it is necessary to fix the climatic conditions in the test room.Fulfillment of the conditions listed in following table must be required to perform testing in conformance with IEC61000-4-2.
| Ambient temperature | 15ºC to 35ºC |
| Relative humidity | 30% to 60% |
| Atmospheric pressure | 86 kPa (860 mbar) to 106 kPa (1060 mbar) |
| Electromagnetic conditions | Level not to affect the test result |
TEST PROCEDURE
- Direct discharge test : Contact discharge (at 1 second interval) and air discharge
- Indirect discharge test : Discharge to VCP and HCP
- At least 10 single discharges shall be applied at 1 second or longer interval in both positive and negative polarities.
* A preliminary test which discharges 20 times or more per second may be done in order to select the points to which single discharges should be applied.
Evaluation of Test Results and Test Report
The tests results are classified into following 4 patterns according to specifications of EUT and operating conditions.
- Normal operation within the tolerance of the specification
- Temporary degradation or loss in the operation or the function which is able to be recovered by a self-recovery function
- Temporary degradation or loss in the operation or the function which needs to be recovered by user intervention or reset in the system.
- Damage of the system (parts) or software, and unrecoverable degradation in the function due to loss of the data.
Generally, as far as the EUT is immune to the ESD during testing and it satisfies the functional requirements according to the product specification after testing, the test result can be perceived as "Pass"
The test report shall contain the test conditions and the result.
Notes : This test procedure and test set-up are extracted from IEC61000-4-2 (2009) and JIS C 61000-4-2 standardsed.2.0 (2005) Standard for applying to our products.Please go through the Standards if the more details are required.
Shinyei Corporation of America is the sole authorized distributor of NoiseKen products. We offer the most direct sales of NoiseKen products available in the US.